The US Air Force is exploring software that uses artificial intelligence to assess aerial refuelling exercises and help crews improve. The proposed system would analyze video from tanker aircraft cameras to identify flight manoeuvres and operational errors, then provide instructors with detailed performance information.
According to a military research solicitation, current assessments rely on instructor observations, crew evaluations and manual video review. The Air Force says these methods can lead to inconsistent judgements and missed errors. The proposed software would measure aircraft speed, relative position, approach velocity and alignment, and compare refuelling-boom movements with aircraft trajectories. It could display findings through graphical overlays, colour-coded maps and chronological event views.
The initial development effort focuses on the KC-46 Pegasus, whose cameras and remote vision equipment support fuel transfers guided by boom operators. The source says the aircraft’s viewing technology has faced persistent technical difficulties, while officials expect most outstanding problems to be resolved soon.
The project is part of the Small Business Innovation Research programme. Interested companies have until November 25, 2026, to apply. The Air Force wants a prototype that can fit existing training arrangements for at least one category of receiving aircraft. The solicitation also points to possible use in assessing other aviation activities across the Department of Defense.
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