Russia tests Matryoshka-style anti-drone bullet for AK-47 rifles

Russia is testing a multi-part cartridge designed to help standard Kalashnikov rifles engage small drones, according to TechRadar, citing reporting by Pervy Tekhnichesky.

The reported 5.45mm ammunition separates into several elements during flight, creating multiple projectiles after being fired through a compatible rifle. It can reportedly be loaded into a standard AK-12 magazine, without requiring a different rifle platform. Its construction has drawn comparisons with a Matryoshka doll because the components remain together before separating in the air.

Pervy Tekhnichesky reported in April that Kalashnikov Concern had developed and tested the cartridge. The reported trials included individual shots and bursts against unmanned aircraft. Some separated elements reportedly reached batteries, electronic boards, and power-related components inside drones.

Military expert Yury Knutov said the design is intended for troops that may encounter drones without specialized firearms. He said soldiers would need two magazines: one with regular bullets and one with the special multi-bullets.

The ammunition has limitations against personnel, especially when body armor is involved. Internal testing does not establish battlefield effectiveness, and independent verification is still needed. Its reliability and performance in combat cannot be ascertained until Russian forces use it extensively under real combat conditions.